{"id":32018,"date":"2025-02-06T11:37:51","date_gmt":"2025-02-06T07:37:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cue.edu.ge\/?post_type=articles&#038;p=32018"},"modified":"2025-10-09T16:41:52","modified_gmt":"2025-10-09T12:41:52","slug":"institutional-factors-and-sustainable-development-perspectives-comparative-analysis-of-eu-candidate-countries","status":"publish","type":"articles","link":"https:\/\/cue.edu.ge\/en\/articles\/institutional-factors-and-sustainable-development-perspectives-comparative-analysis-of-eu-candidate-countries\/","title":{"rendered":"Institutional Factors and Sustainable Development Perspectives: Comparative Analysis of EU Candidate Countries"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Gocha Tutberidze<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Doctor of Economics, Professor, Central University of Europe<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"mailto:gocha.tutberidze@cue.edu.ge\">gocha.tutberidze@cue.edu.ge<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Gocha Ugulava<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Doctor of Economics, Associate Professor, Central University of Europe<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"mailto:gocha.ugulava@cue.edu.ge\">gocha.ugulava@cue.edu.ge<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"detail-content\"><strong>\u10d0\u10d1\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8<\/strong><\/div>\n<div class=\"detail-content\">As is well known, institutional factors play a significant role in achieving sustainable development goals. The aim of this research is to conduct a comparative analysis of the current outcomes of policies implemented to achieve sustainable development goals in EU candidate countries, highlighting existing trends and challenges. The comparative analysis focuses on three dimensions of sustainable development: social development, economic development, and environmental sustainability. Using a comparative analysis approach, the study examines the status of EU member and candidate countries across all three dimensions, identifies current difficulties, and outlines forecasts for future development trajectories. Overall, the research analyzes over 15 variables (approximately 600 indicators) for nine candidate countries and 27 EU member states. The study is particularly relevant as the comparison is based on the most recent full data available for 2022, reflecting the starting point for new candidate countries. This will allow us to analyze future developments dynamically, assess the progress in overcoming identified challenges, and evaluate the effectiveness of implemented policies. The research is illustrated with factual numerical data and graphical material.<\/div>\n<div class=\"detail-content\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"detail-content\"><strong>\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10eb\u10dd \u10e1\u10d8\u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8:<\/strong>\u00a0Institutional Development, Sustainable Development, EU Candidate Countries<\/div>\n<div class=\"detail-content\"><strong>JEL:<\/strong>\u00a0O10, O43, C43<\/div>\n<div class=\"detail-content\"><strong>DOI:<\/strong>\u00a010.52244\/c.2024.11.1<\/div>\n<div class=\"detail-content\">\n<p><strong>\u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0:<\/strong>Anna, B. (2016) Classification of the European Union member states according to the relative level of sustainable development. Qual Quant 50, 2591\u20132605 URL:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11135-015-0278-x\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11135-015-0278-x<\/a>\u00a0(Retrieved: June, 10. 2024)<\/p>\n<p>Baruah Indraneel Dutta (2023) Dimensionality Reduction Techniques \u2014 PCA, LCA and SVD URL:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/nerd-for-tech\/dimensionality-reduction-techniques-pca-lca-and-svd-f2a56b097f7c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/medium.com\/nerd-for-tech\/dimensionality-reduction-techniques-pca-lca-and-svd-f2a56b097f7c<\/a>\u00a0(Retrieved: Jule, 5. 2024)<\/p>\n<p>Bisgard, James (2021).\u00a0Analysis and Linear Algebra: The Singular Value Decomposition and Applications. AMS.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-1-4704-6332-8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">978-1-4704-6332-8<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Block, S., Emerson, J. W., Esty, D. C., de Sherbinin, A., Wendling, Z. A., et al. (2024). 2024 Environmental Performance Index. New Haven, CT: Yale Center for Environmental Law &amp; Policy. epi.yale.edu URL:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/epi.yale.edu\/epi-results\/2022\/component\/epi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/epi.yale.edu\/epi-results\/2022\/component\/epi<\/a>\u00a0(Retrieved: June, 10. 2024)<\/p>\n<p>Bova, D. M. . (2022). Building Consensus for Sustainable Development: Evaluation Theory Insights.\u00a0European Journal of Sustainable Development,\u00a011(3), 104.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14207\/ejsd.2022.v11n3p104\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14207\/ejsd.2022.v11n3p104<\/a>\u00a0 (Retrieved: Jule, 1. 2024)<\/p>\n<p>Bose, S., &amp; Khan, H. Z. (2022). Sustainable development goals (SDGs) reporting and the role of country-level institutional factors: An international evidence.\u00a0<em>Journal of Cleaner Production<\/em>,\u00a0<em>335<\/em>, 130290.<\/p>\n<p>d&#8217;Aspremont, A., Cucuringu, M., &amp; Tyagi, H. (2021). Ranking and synchronization from pairwise measurements via SVD.\u00a0<em>Journal of Machine Learning Research<\/em>,\u00a0<em>22<\/em>(19), 1-63. URL:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jmlr.org\/papers\/v22\/19-542.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.jmlr.org\/papers\/v22\/19-542.html<\/a>\u00a0(Retrieved: Jule, 10. 2024)<\/p>\n<p>Halkos, G., &amp; Gkampoura, E. C. (2021). Where do we stand on the 17 Sustainable Development Goals? An overview on progress.\u00a0<em>Economic Analysis and Policy<\/em>,\u00a0<em>70<\/em>, 94-122.<\/p>\n<p>Hen\u00f6k Thomas, Niels Keijzer, Christine Hackenesch, Imme Scholz, Clara Brandi and Pieter Pauw (2016) Contribution of the German Development Institute \/ Deutsches Institut f\u00fcr Entwicklungspolitik (DIE) to the EU public consultation on the \u201cUN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and revising the European Consensus on Development\u201d URL:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.idos-research.de\/uploads\/media\/bp_die_contrib_agenda_eu2030_and_revision_of_eu_consensus_final_26_08_2016.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.idos-research.de\/uploads\/media\/bp_die_contrib_agenda_eu2030_and_revision_of_eu_consensus_final_26_08_2016.pdf<\/a>\u00a0(Retrieved: Jule, 1. 2024)<\/p>\n<p>Huan, Y., Liang, T., Li, H., &amp; Zhang, C. (2021). A systematic method for assessing progress of achieving sustainable development goals: A case study of 15 countries.\u00a0<em>Science of the Total Environment<\/em>,\u00a0<em>752<\/em>, 141875.<\/p>\n<p>Kwatra, S., Kumar, A., &amp; Sharma, P. (2020). A critical review of studies related to construction and computation of Sustainable Development Indices.\u00a0<em>Ecological Indicators<\/em>,\u00a0<em>112<\/em>, 106061.<\/p>\n<p>Kyn\u010dlov\u00e1, P., Upadhyaya, S., &amp; Nice, T. (2020). Composite index as a measure on achieving Sustainable Development Goal 9 (SDG-9) industry-related targets: The SDG-9 index.\u00a0<em>Applied Energy<\/em>,\u00a0<em>265<\/em>, 114755.<\/p>\n<p>Mentes, M. (2023). Sustainable development economy and the development of green economy in the European Union.\u00a0<em>Energy, Sustainability and Society<\/em>,\u00a0<em>13<\/em>(1), 1-18.<\/p>\n<p>Sachs, J., Kroll, C., Lafortune, G., Fuller, G., &amp; Woelm, F. (2022).\u00a0<em>Sustainable development report 2022<\/em>. Cambridge University Press.<\/p>\n<p>Powers, David. (2012). Smoothing, Normalization, Correction and Reduction. URL:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/245585611_Smoothing_Normalization_Correction_and_Reduction\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/245585611_Smoothing_Normalization_Correction_and_Reduction<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0(Retrieved: Jule, 1. 2024)<\/p>\n<p>Rodr\u00edguez-Pose, A., &amp; Ketterer, T. (2019). Institutional change and the development of lagging regions in Europe.\u00a0<em>Regional Studies<\/em>,\u00a0<em>54<\/em>(7), 974\u2013986.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00343404.2019.1608356\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00343404.2019.1608356<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Sargent Thomas J. and Stachurski John (2015) Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) Intermediate Quantitative Economics with Python\u00a0 URL:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/python.quantecon.org\/svd_intro.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/python.quantecon.org\/svd_intro.html<\/a>\u00a0 (Retrieved: Jule, 5. 2024)<\/p>\n<p>Sverko Grdic, Z., Krstinic Nizic, M., &amp; Rudan, E. (2020). Circular economy concept in the context of economic development in EU countries.\u00a0<em>Sustainability<\/em>,\u00a0<em>12<\/em>(7), 3060.<\/p>\n<p>The new European consensus on development. (2017)\u00a0 Summaries of EU Legislation URL:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/EN\/legal-content\/summary\/the-new-european-consensus-on-development.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/EN\/legal-content\/summary\/the-new-european-consensus-on-development.html<\/a>\u00a0 (Retrieved: Jule, 5. 2024)<\/p>\n<p>The new European Consensus on Development \u2013 EU and Member States sign joint strategy to eradicate poverty (2017) Council of the EU, Press release URL:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.consilium.europa.eu\/en\/press\/press-releases\/2017\/06\/07\/joint-strategy-european-consensus-development\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.consilium.europa.eu\/en\/press\/press-releases\/2017\/06\/07\/joint-strategy-european-consensus-development\/<\/a>\u00a0(Retrieved: Jule, 5. 2024)<\/p>\n<p>The new European consensus on development, 2017; UN Resolution A\/RES\/70\/1; The new European Consensus on Development &#8211; Press release<\/p>\n<p>Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. UN Resolution A\/RES\/70\/1 URL:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/sdgs.un.org\/2030agenda\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/sdgs.un.org\/2030agenda<\/a>\u00a0(Retrieved: Jule, 5. 2024)<\/p>\n<p>Walter J. V. Vermeulen (2018) Substantiating the rough consensus on the concept of sustainable development as a point of departure for indicator development. Routledge Handbook of Sustainability Indicators. p. 34 URL:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.taylorfrancis.com\/chapters\/edit\/10.4324\/9781315561103-4\/substantiating-rough-consensus-concept-sustainable-development-point-departure-indicator-development-walter-vermeulen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.taylorfrancis.com\/chapters\/edit\/10.4324\/9781315561103-4\/substantiating-rough-consensus-concept-sustainable-development-point-departure-indicator-development-walter-vermeulen<\/a>\u00a0 (Retrieved: Jule, 1. 2024)<\/p>\n<p>World Development Indicators Database, World Bank. GDP per capita, PPP (constant 2021 international $) URL:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.KD\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.KD<\/a>\u00a0(Retrieved: June, 10. 2024)<\/p>\n<p>World Inequality Lab. The\u00a0World Inequality Database. Pre-tax national income share held by the p0p50 group. URL:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/wid.world\/data\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/wid.world\/data\/<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(Retrieved: June, 10. 2024)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"gonisdziebebi":[100],"class_list":["post-32018","articles","type-articles","status-publish","hentry","gonisdziebebi-2024-en"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cue.edu.ge\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/articles\/32018","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cue.edu.ge\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/articles"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cue.edu.ge\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/articles"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cue.edu.ge\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32018"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"gonisdziebebi","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cue.edu.ge\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/gonisdziebebi?post=32018"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}